Abstract Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes that affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients at a high incidence rate. Naja Naja atra venom (NNAV) has been shown to have protective effects and improved renal function in diabetic rats. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to unravel the effectiveness and mechanisms of NNAV on DKD. Methods: We conducted in vitro experiments in which Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells were stimulated with high glucose, and exposed to varying concentrations of NNAV. Cell morphology, as well as α-SMA, TGF-β1, and E-cadherin levels, were analyzed using immunofluorescence and western blot. In vivo experiments involved a diabetic rat model, where varying concentrations of cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) were administrated via gastric treatment. We observed and noted pathomorphological changes, measured biochemical and oxidative stress indices, and used western blot to assess podocin and nephrin levels. Results: High glucose levels can induce a decrease in E-cadherin expression and an increase in α-SMA and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in HK-2 cells. NNAV can inhibit the transdifferentiation of HK-2 cells to myofibroblast (MyoF) in a high glucose environment and reduce the expression of TGF-β1. Cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) can reduce urine protein in diabetes model rats at an early stage, which is dose-independent and has a time application range. CTX can regulate the expression of nephrin and podocin. Conclusion: The present study indicates that CTX and NNAV attenuate STZ and high glucose-induced DKD. Its mechanisms of action are associated with inhibiting oxidative stress and TEMT. The study suggests that NNAV and CTX might be a potential therapeutic drug for treating DKD.

RESUMO O impacto das tradicionais emergências de saúde pública sobre a formação integral de estudantes de medicina em faculdades e universidades reflete-se principalmente no teste de formação integral. Com base nisso, este documento estuda a construção da plataforma de análise de impacto de emergência de saúde pública sob a perspectiva médica e computação em nuvem. A partir da construção da base de dados da plataforma, foram desenvolvidos métodos de coleta de eventos, regras de avaliação de impacto e outros aspectos para obter uma análise precisa do impacto das emergências, usando o método de computação em nuvem para análise e avaliação. O algoritmo pode realizar a análise e classificação inteligente de dados de informação na Internet no processo de introdução múltipla, e responder a possíveis emergências de saúde pública de acordo com a tecnologia de computação em nuvem a fim de analisar o impacto sobre a qualificação dos estudantes de medicina. Os resultados experimentais mostram que a plataforma de análise de emergências de saúde pública tem as vantagens de alta viabilidade e alta utilização de dados, pode melhorar efetivamente o impacto das emergências de saúde pública na formação integral dos estudantes de medicina.

ABSTRACT The impact of traditional public health emergencies on the comprehensive education of medical students in colleges and universities is mainly reflected in the test of comprehensive literacy. Based on this, this paper studies the construction of a public health emergency impact analysis platform from a medical perspective and cloud computing. From the platform’s database construction, event collection methods, impact evaluation rules and other aspects to achieve accurate analysis of the impact of emergencies, using the cloud computing method for comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the algorithm can analyze and intelligently classify information data on the Internet in the process of multiple input, and respond to potential public health emergencies according to cloud computing technology, in order to analyze the impact on the comprehensive quality of medical students. The experimental results show that the public health emergency analysis platform has the advantages of high feasibility and high data utilization, and can effectively improve the impact of public health emergencies on the comprehensive literacy of medical students.

RESUMEN El impacto de las emergencias de salud pública tradicionales en la educación integral de los estudiantes de medicina en los colegios y universidades se refleja principalmente en la prueba de comprensión de textos. Con base en esto, este trabajo estudia la construcción de una plataforma de análisis de impacto de emergencias en salud pública desde una perspectiva médica y de computación en la nube. A partir de la construcción de la base de datos de la plataforma, los métodos de recolección de eventos, las reglas de evaluación de impacto y otros aspectos para lograr un análisis preciso del impacto de las emergencias, utilizando el método de computación en la nube para un análisis y evaluación integral, el algoritmo puede analizar y clasificar de manera inteligente los datos de información en Internet en el proceso de entrada múltiple. También puede responder a potenciales emergencias de salud pública de acuerdo con la tecnología de computación en la nube, con el fin de analizar el impacto en la calidad integral de los estudiantes de medicina. Los resultados experimentales muestran que la plataforma de análisis de emergencias de salud pública tiene las ventajas de alta viabilidad y alta utilización de datos, y puede mejorar de manera efectiva el impacto de las emergencias de salud pública en la comprensión de textos de los estudiantes de medicina.